![]() Korean J Radiol 19:632–655ĭeandrea M, Sung JY, Limone P et al (2015) Efficacy and safety of radiofrequency ablation versus observation for nonfunctioning benign thyroid nodules: a randomized controlled international collaborative trial. Kim JH, Baek JH, Lim HK et al (2018) 2017 Thyroid radiofrequency ablation guideline: Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology. Haugen BR, Alexander EK, Bible KC et al (2015) 2015 American Thyroid Association Management Guidelines for adult patients with thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer: The American Thyroid Association Guidelines Task Force on thyroid nodules and differentiated thyroid cancer. Radiofrequency ablation Reproducibility of results Thyroid nodule Ultrasonography. CEUS should be preceded to gray-scale and Doppler US for the measurement of Va.Va measured by gray-scale and Doppler US lacked intra- and inter-observer reliability and agreement with CEUS.Va measured by gray-scale and Doppler US was significantly larger than that by CEUS.CEUS should be considered when Va was needed for further evaluation or in the case of nodules with suspected regrowth. The intra- and inter-observer reliability and agreement of US and CEUS in measuring Va were unsatisfactory. The best agreement was found in nodules < 10 ml at 1 month with a mean difference of 1.166 and LOA between 0.413 and 3.294. The mean difference and LOA became larger and wider during the follow-up. ![]() The intra- and inter-observer reliability decreased over the follow-up period and became moderate in both subgroups at 12 months (all ICC < 0.75). Va measured by US was significantly larger than by CEUS (p < 0.001). The mean follow-up time was 23.17 ± 12.70 months. The Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate agreement, which was expressed as a mean difference with 95% limits of agreement (LOA). The intra- and inter-observer reliability of the two measurement modalities was assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95% confidence interval. Two independent observers measured Va using US and CEUS during the same follow-up visit. Patients were followed up at 1, 3, 6, 12 months, and every 12 months thereafter. After RFA, the total volume of ablated nodule was divided into Va and the incompletely treated vital volume. To investigate the intra- and inter-observer reliability and agreement between gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound (US) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in measuring ablated volume (Va) after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for benign thyroid nodules.Ī total of 173 patients with 190 benign thyroid nodules who underwent RFA were included in this study.
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